Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Which of the following best describes the particles of a liquid?
a. | The particles are far apart and moving fast. | b. | The particles are
close together but moving past each other. | c. | The particles are far apart and moving
slowly. | d. | The particles are closely packed and vibrate in
place. |
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2.
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Boiling points and freezing points are examples of
a. | chemical properties. | c. | energy. | b. | physical properties. | d. | matter. |
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3.
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During which change of state do atoms or molecules become more ordered?
a. | boiling | c. | melting | b. | condensation | d. | sublimation |
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4.
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Which of the following describes what happens as the temperature of a gas in a
balloon increases?
a. | The speed of the particles decreases. | b. | The volume of the gas increases and the speed
of the particles increases. | c. | The volume decreases. | d. | The pressure
decreases. |
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5.
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Dew collects on a spider web in the early morning. This is an example of
a. | condensation. | c. | sublimation. | b. | evaporation. | d. | melting. |
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6.
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Which of the following changes of state is exothermic?
a. | evaporation | c. | freezing | b. | sublimation | d. | melting |
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7.
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What happens to the volume of a gas inside a piston if the temperature does not
change but the pressure is reduced?
a. | increases | c. | decreases | b. | stays the same | d. | not enough
information |
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8.
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Boyle’s law explains the relationship between volume and pressure for a
fixed amount of a
a. | solid. | c. | gas. | b. | liquid. | d. | plasma. |
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9.
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Which of the following examples involves an exothermic change?
a. | ice melting on a warm day | b. | water boiling in a tea
kettle | c. | gaseous water particles coming together to form fog | d. | air in a bicycle
tire gaining pressure after a long ride |
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10.
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Which of these factors could affect the temperature at which water boils?
a. | the volume of water in the pot | b. | the atmospheric pressure at which the water is
heated | c. | the amount of energy added to the water | d. | the type of fuel
used to heat the water |
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11.
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The particles of water that evaporate from an open container have ____ than the
particles that remain.
a. | more speed | c. | higher energy | b. | greater order | d. | more speed and higher
energy |
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12.
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Hydraulic systems, such as the brakes on an automobile, work because liquids
tend to maintain a constant
a. | volume. | c. | temperature. | b. | pressure. | d. | boiling point. |
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13.
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Which of the following occurs when a liquid becomes a gas?
a. | The particles give off energy. | b. | The particles break away from one
another. | c. | The particles move closer together. | d. | The particles slow
down. |
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14.
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The meniscus of a liquid in a graduated cylinder is caused by
a. | viscosity. | c. | pressure. | b. | surface tension. | d. | temperature. |
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15.
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Which of the following has the highest surface tension?
a. | water | c. | mercury | b. | rubbing alcohol | d. | They all have the same surface
tension. |
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16.
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The amount of force exerted on a given area is called
a. | pressure. | c. | energy. | b. | viscosity. | d. | temperature. |
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17.
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If a pressure cooker contains steam at high pressure, then the particles of gas
are
a. | far apart and collide with the inside of the container at a slow
rate. | b. | close together and collide with the inside of the container at a slow
rate. | c. | close together and collide with the inside of the container at a fast
rate. | d. | far apart and collide with the inside of the container at a fast
rate. |
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18.
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Boyle's law states that for a fixed amount of gas at a constant
a. | pressure, the volume increases as the temperature decreases. | b. | temperature, the
volume increases as the pressure increases. | c. | temperature, the volume decreases as the
pressure increases. | d. | pressure, the volume decreases as the
temperature increases. |
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19.
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According to Charles's law, if you were to put an inflated balloon in a
freezer for about 10 minutes, the balloon would have
a. | shrunk because gas volume decreases as temperature decreases. | b. | grown because gas
volume increases as temperature decreases. | c. | stayed the same size because temperature does
not affect the volume of a gas. | d. | stayed the same size because temperature does
not affect the pressure of a gas. |
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20.
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During a change of state, the ____ of a substance changes.
a. | identity | c. | boiling point | b. | energy | d. | temperature |
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21.
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A transfer of energy that causes the temperature of a substance to change and
can lead to a change of state is known as
a. | heat. | c. | freezing. | b. | ice. | d. | water. |
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22.
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You can cause water to change state by removing or adding
a. | matter. | c. | energy. | b. | particles. | d. | surface
tension. |
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23.
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The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid is
its
a. | boiling point. | c. | melting point. | b. | sublimation point. | d. | evaporation
point. |
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24.
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Gallium's melting point is 30°C. Your normal body temperature is
around 37°C. Gallium would melt in your hand because energy
a. | is transferred from gallium to your hand. | b. | is transferred from
your hand to gallium. | c. | from your hand causes gallium to
boil. | d. | from your hand breaks apart the particles of gallium. |
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25.
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When a solid is at its melting point, any energy it absorbs
a. | increases the motion of the particles until they overcome the attractions that hold
them in place. | b. | decreases the motion of the particles until they overcome the attractions that hold
them in place. | c. | causes the temperature to increase. | d. | causes the temperature to
decrease. |
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26.
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Energy is absorbed by a substance during
a. | an endothermic change. | c. | freezing. | b. | an exothermic change. | d. | condensation. |
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27.
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The temperature at which a liquid changes into a solid is its
a. | boiling point. | c. | sublimation point. | b. | freezing point. | d. | evaporation
point. |
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28.
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Freezing and ____ occur at the same temperature.
a. | melting | c. | condensation | b. | vaporization | d. | sublimation |
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29.
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Water is a liquid and iron is a solid at room temperature, so iron must have a
____ than water.
a. | lower freezing point | c. | lower boiling point | b. | higher freezing point | d. | Both (a) and
(c) |
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30.
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Boiling is ____ that occurs throughout a liquid.
a. | melting | c. | vaporization | b. | condensation | d. | sublimation |
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31.
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When a person wearing glasses enters a warm house after being outside on a cold
day, their glasses fog up because of
a. | vaporization. | c. | sublimation. | b. | condensation. | d. | melting. |
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32.
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Scientists estimate that more than 99 percent of the known matter in the
universe is in the
a. | solid state. | c. | gaseous state. | b. | liquid state. | d. | plasma state. |
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33.
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Which of the following describes a liquid?
a. | becomes a vapor at the boiling point | b. | changes volume when placed in a different
container | c. | can be compressed | d. | has particles that are far
apart. |
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34.
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Wax is an example of a(n)
a. | liquid. | c. | amorphous solid. | b. | crystalline solid. | d. | plasma. |
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35.
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An amorphous solid
a. | has particles in a repeating pattern of rows. | b. | has particles that
do not move. | c. | has particles that are not in an orderly arrangement. | d. | has the same
properties as a crystalline solid. |
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36.
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Liquids form spherical drops as a result of
a. | viscosity. | c. | pressure. | b. | surface tension. | d. | temperature. |
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37.
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A piston contains 2 mL of gas at a constant temperature. If the pressure is cut
in half, what is the new volume of gas in the piston?
a. | 0.5 mL | c. | 2 mL | b. | 1 mL | d. | 4 mL |
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38.
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Freezing of any substance occurs
a. | at 0ºC. | b. | when a liquid changes to a solid, regardless of
temperature. | c. | when the particles of the substance are able to slide past one
another. | d. | when energy is added to a substance. |
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39.
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People in warmer climates wear light, loose-fitting clothes to allow their
perspiration to
a. | evaporate. | c. | condensate. | b. | sublimate. | d. | melt. |
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40.
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Which of the following changes a liquid to a gas?
a. | boiling | c. | condensation | b. | sublimation | d. | freezing |
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41.
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If energy is removed from water that is at 1ºC, the water will
a. | warm up. | c. | cool down. | b. | melt. | d. | freeze. |
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42.
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Which of the following occurs throughout a liquid, not just at the
surface?
a. | boiling | c. | evaporation | b. | vaporization | d. | all of the
above |
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43.
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Water from a lake enters the atmosphere through the process of
a. | sublimation. | c. | condensation. | b. | vaporization. | d. | melting. |
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44.
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Water redeposits into lakes in the form of rain by
a. | sublimation. | c. | condensation. | b. | vaporization. | d. | boiling. |
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45.
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A substance that pours very slowly has a high
a. | pressure. | c. | viscosity. | b. | temperature. | d. | surface
tension. |
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46.
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Which of the following is an endothermic change?
a. | melting | c. | condensation | b. | freezing | d. | all of the
above |
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47.
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Which of the following is an exothermic change?
a. | melting | c. | vaporization | b. | condensation | d. | sublimation |
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48.
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Water forms on the outside of a glass of cold lemonade as a result of
a. | vaporization. | c. | condensation. | b. | sublimation. | d. | freezing. |
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49.
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You can boil water at a temperature lower than 100ºC by
a. | increasing the pressure. | b. | decreasing the pressure. | c. | beginning with an
ice cube. | d. | You cannot boil water at a temperature lower than
100ºC. |
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50.
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Fog forms when some of the gaseous water in air condenses to form tiny drops of
liquid water. This occurs when
a. | the air temperature drops. | c. | there is no
humidity. | b. | the air temperature rises. | d. | None of the above |
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51.
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____ is a change of state that is often used to cool down football players on
the sideline.
a. | Vaporization | c. | Melting | b. | Sublimation | d. | Freezing |
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